From sporadic records to probable establishment of the Common Myna Acridotheres tristis in Katima Mulilo, Zambezi Region, Namibia, in 2024–2026

Abstract

The Common Myna Acridotheres tristis is an adaptable invasive passerine which is closely associated with human environments. In the Zambezi Region of northeastern Namibia, earlier published records indicated sporadic occurrence. Here, we document opportunistic observations of Common Mynas in Katima Mulilo between 2024 and 2026, revealing persistent daily presence, town-wide distribution, breeding-related behaviour, and nocturnal activity associated with artificial lighting. A total of 371 observations was recorded during this period. Birds were repeatedly observed across residential and commercial suburbs, with nesting activity and prolonged occupancy concentrated at two service stations. Individuals were observed carrying nesting material, food to presumed young, and remaining active at night under artificial light from service stations. An additional nesting attempt was recorded in a damaged streetlight, with subsequent nest loss following detachment of the bulb cap. These observations suggest probable local establishment facilitated by urban infrastructure and regular human activity. Continued monitoring is recommended to assess population size, breeding success, and potential ecological impacts in the Zambezi Region.